The Monetary History of the Imperial Rome Chapter I By Martin A. Armstrong Following the death of Julius Caesar and the conclusion of the final civil war of the period, the emergence of a major monetary reform under Augustus changed forever the monetary system of Rome. It is with Augustus that we find a complete […]

Caracalla 198-217 AD Son of Septimus Severus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, originally named Julius Bassianus, was born at Lugdunum, Gaul, on April 6th, 188 AD. He was the elder son of Septimius Severus and Julia Domna. His original name, Bassianus, came from the Syrian side of his family. Following the Civil War in the aftermath of […]

Abscissa – the horizontal baseline of a chart, x-axis. Ad Valorem Tax – A tax levied as a fixed percentage of the value of a particular item. Aggregate Demand – Total planned or desired spending in the economy as a whole in a given period. It is determined by the aggregate price level and by influences such as […]

Titus Emperor, 79 – 81 AD Born 41 – Died 81 AD, Age 40 Titus Flavius Vespasianus Junior was the elder son of Vespasian and Flavia Domitilla. Titus was born in Rome on December 30th, 39 AD. Vespasian had served under Claudius in his conquest of Britain with distinction and honor. His reward was to allow his son Titus […]

Will Leverage Cause The Financial World to Blow Up? By Martin A. Armstrong Copyright October 9th, 1998 Princeton Economic Institute There has always been the question of leverage that enters into the process of any financial panic. The degree of leverage within the system is a key factor in determining just how severe the panic […]

Can the World Be Saved? Global Meltdown post July 20th Hedge Funds – Fed Social Threats of War & Designing A New World Financial System by Martin A. Armstrong copyright October 3rd 1998 Princeton Economic Institute There has been much turmoil in the past several weeks that has led to considerable outcry for everything from […]

Global Meltdown Do we need to be “rescued from Capitalism?” By Martin A. Armstrong © September 16th, 1998 Princeton Economic Institute There is little doubt that the global economy is experiencing at the very least a short-term meltdown. George Soros’ comments yesterday calling for more intervention and bailouts because emerging market investors need to be […]

Crash of 1998 Is it Over Or Just Beginning? By Martin A. Armstrong Copyright September 9th, 1998 Princeton Economic Institute There was a sigh of relief yesterday when the markets rebounded sharply. So many began to tout what stock should be bought right away that the Fed is thinking about lower interest rates instead of […]

The Crash of 1998 Day 34 Update Clearly the Worst this Century By Martin A. Armstrong © Princeton Economic Institute September 5th, 1998 Previous Postings Great Financial Panics In History When we first published a comparison of this current debacle 12 days from the high, we ran the headline “Worst Crash This Century”. We received […]

Intervention With a new twist By Martin A. Armstrong Copyright August 14, 1998 Princeton Economic Institute Friday’s price action in Hong Kong brought with it more than a mere short-cover rally of 9%. For perhaps the first time in history a government has directly intervened in a share market using the futures to do so. […]